Identification
Smaller than the closely related Northern Spring Salamander, the Kentucky Spring
Salamander typically reaches lengths of 16.5 cm (6.5 in). They are salmon-pink
to light brownish-pink in coloration, with small black dots in a row down the
sides of the body. In some individuals the spots may be more scattered. There
is a groove (naso-labial groove) from the nose to the lip. The belly is a plain
flesh color, and there may sometimes be markings on the lower lip, chin, or
throat.
Distribution and Status
The Kentucky Spring Salamander is found from southern Ohio to eastern Kentucky,
through western West Virginia and adjacent Virginia. Within the Midwest, the
Kentucky Spring Salamander is found in Ohio, where is considered a species of
Special Concern.
Ecology
Spring Salamanders live in or around clear, cool waters that are high in oxygen,
such as streams or springs in wooded areas, or in caves. Adults are found both
in water and on land, and seek refuge in cavities along stream banks, or under
rocks. A lungless salamander, the Spring Salamander absorbs oxygen through their
skin, as well as through membranes in the mouth and throat.
Threats and Management Issues
Deforestation is the leading cause of population declines for the Spring Salamander.
They require clear, cool waters without predatory fish. Due to their large size,
and because they prey upon other salamanders, Spring Salamanders tend to reproduce
more slowly, and are less abundant. These traits make them more susceptible
to environmental stresses such as temperature change or siltation in streams.
Resources
General reference guides
and websites.
Reference guides and websites specific to Amphibians.
Links to more information on the Kentucky Spring Salamander outside the Herp Center
University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
Bruce Kingsbury, Director
Center for Reptile and Amphibian Conservation and Management
Science Building
Indiana-Purdue University
2101 East Coliseum Blvd.
Fort Wayne, IN 46805-1499