Identification
A relative of the Ravine Salamander, the Redback Salamander has an elongated
body, small limbs and a rounded tail. They generally exist in two color phases
referred to as the “redback,” or “leadback.” The “redback”
phase has a red, orange-red, or brownish-red stripe on its back that runs from
the head to mid-tail. Also, its sides are generally dark gray. In contrast,
the “leadback” phase lacks a red stripe and instead its top and
sides are dark, and may be covered with a faint speckling of lighter color.
Both of these variations have bellies mottled equally with black and white.
A rare form, commonly referred to as an erythristic morph, is entirely reddish
or reddish orange on top, with some black spots on the back portion of the tail,
and a light belly. Adults may grow to lengths of 5.8-12.7 cm (2.3-5 in), and
have 17-22 grooves on the sides of the body (costal grooves).
Distribution
and Status
The Redback Salamander can be found from southern Quebec south through North
Carolina, north through Ohio and Indiana and on to northern Wisconsin and Minnesota
and the Lake Superior basin. The Redback Salamander is considered the most common
woodland salamander in the Great Lakes region. They are found in all Midwest
states, except for Iowa and Missouri.
Ecology
The Redback Salamanders can tolerate a range of habitats. They are typically
found in forested habitats where they can be found under logs, leaf litter,
or rocks. Redback Salamanders will avoid flooded areas as well as dry areas.
In the heat of the summer they will retreat underground, following root systems
or natural cracks.
Threats
and Management Issues
In some areas of its range, the Redback Salamander may outnumber many other
animals in woodland habitats. Despite their common status, they are not found
in acidic soil, and are affected by intensive timber harvesting practices such
as clear-cutting.
Resources
General reference guides
and websites.
Reference guides and websites specific to Amphibians.
Links to more information on the Redback Salamander outside the Herp Center
University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
Bruce Kingsbury, Director
Center for Reptile and Amphibian Conservation and Management
Science Building
Indiana-Purdue University
2101 East Coliseum Blvd.
Fort Wayne, IN 46805-1499