Identification
The
Bullsnake is one of Indiana’s largest snakes, measuring 50 to 72 inches
in length. The dorsal markings consist of dark brown to tan square blotches
on a yellow to light brown background. The blotches are darker towards the head
and tail. A series of alternating smaller blotches cover the sides. Its belly
is a straw-yellow color. The predominately yellowish head has dark bands between
both eyes and extending behind each eye to the angle of the jaw. The young are
pale gray in color with black blotches. Similar species include: Western
Fox Snake, Eastern Hognose Snake,
Eastern Milk Snake
Distribution and Status
There are two isolated populations of Bullsnakes in Indiana. One is in the northwest corner of the state and the other is in the southwest corner. The Bullsnake is considered rare within Indiana.
Ecology
Despite the fact that the Bullsnake is a prairie-dwelling species that lives in two relatively small areas within Indiana, it is not endangered because it has adapted well to old fields and abandoned lots as suitable habitats. They are excellent burrowers and are often discovered when digging. Their survival in agricultural areas is largely due to this fossorial habit. Their main diet consists of mice, squirrels, rabbits and birds. When disturbed or threatened they hiss loudly, vibrate their tail, and may strike.
Resources
General reference guides
and websites.
Bruce Kingsbury, Director
Center for Reptile and Amphibian Conservation and Management
Science Building
Indiana-Purdue University
2101 East Coliseum Blvd.
Fort Wayne, IN 46805-1499